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Question For “Feeneyites”
Question for Feeneyites: Suppose your baptism was invalid due to a defect of form, matter or intention. You had no idea and continue to live a Catholic life, receiving the sacraments and die in what you believe to be a state of grace. Do you go to Hell because you were never validly baptized?
C J
First, the term you employ (i.e. “Feeneyite”) to describe those who adhere to Catholic teaching on baptism is inaccurate. Second, in the early Church Pope St. Siricius and Pope St. Leo the Great addressed situations that are similar to what you have described. In their responses/acts they taught that even unbaptized catechumens who wanted water baptism will not be saved if they die without it (thereby contradicting the very idea of “baptism of desire”).
In Letter 167 Leo the Great addresses the issue of people who are unsure if they were baptized as infants. He responds by stating that they must be regenerated “lest they evidently perish” (ne pereant evidenter). He thus clearly teaches that baptism is absolutely required for salvation, even for those who want baptism and are unsure if they received it.
Pope St. Leo the Great, Letter 167, 5th Century: “Question 16. Concerning those who have been left as infants by Christian parents, if no proof of their baptism can be found whether they ought to be baptized? If no proof exists among their kinsfolk and relations, nor among the clergy or neighbors whereby those, about whom the question is raised, may be proved to have been baptized, steps must be taken for their regeneration: lest they evidently perish…”
Likewise, in Letter 166 he refers to people who “seek the saving waters of baptism, but in the ignorance of infancy cannot remember whether they have received the mystery and rites of baptism”. He says that they must be baptized because they remain outside “the gate of salvation, which he is shown never before to have entered.” He again thereby teaches that such people will not be saved without actually receiving baptism. Pope St. Siricius also taught that unbaptized catechumens “in any necessity” who desired baptism must be baptized right away lest every single one of them (unusquisque) perish for not having received what they desired. See our articles on Siricius and Leo the Great for more. For instance: https://vaticancatholic.com/pope-leo-the-great-sacrament-of-baptism-salvation/
Second, God’s providence will make sure that all of His elect are baptized.
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